Peoria Standard

Quantum computing has become a prominent topic in the technology sector, yet many remain uncertain about its workings. Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics to process data differently from classical computing. Classical computers use bits to represent data as either 0 or 1, while quantum computers utilize qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to superposition.

A significant advantage of quantum computing is its ability to solve complex problems more rapidly than classical computers. This capability stems from entanglement, a phenomenon where qubits are correlated such that the state of one qubit instantly affects another, regardless of distance.

The energy required to power a quantum computer varies based on factors like the number of qubits, the technology used, and task complexity. Quantum computers generally need extremely low temperatures near absolute zero for optimal operation, necessitating specialized cooling systems that consume substantial energy.

Error correction is another energy-intensive aspect of quantum computing. Due to the fragile nature of qubits, error correction demands additional computational power and energy. Estimates indicate that error correction could account for up to 90% of a quantum computer's total energy consumption.

Despite these challenges, researchers are striving to develop more efficient and environmentally friendly quantum computing systems. As the technology progresses and becomes more mainstream, addressing energy consumption issues will be vital for ensuring sustainability.

In July, the US Defense Department and the State of Illinois announced a multimillion-dollar quantum testing program. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) will be located at Illinois' upcoming Chicago-area quantum campus. The research conducted there will focus on national security.

According to DARPA’s website: “In order to predict if quantum computing will grow from a primarily scientific endeavor to a critical industrial tool, DARPA has established new collaborations with the Department of Energy’s Office of Science — a national leader in quantum computing research and high-performance computing — as well as with the State of Illinois, which is investing heavily to create a new quantum computing corridor in the greater Chicago area. To support these collaborations, DARPA will be leveraging Department of Defense experts, in particular, quantum scientists and engineers at the Air Force Research Laboratory in Rome, New York.”